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Q1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the four major domains of the earth?
Ans: The four major domains of the earth are the lithosphere, Hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
(b) Name the major continents of the earth.
Ans: The major continents of the earth are Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe and Australia.
(c) Name the two continents that lie entirely in the Southern Hemisphere.
Ans: Antarctica and Australia lies entirely in Southern hemisphere.
(d) Name the different layers of atmosphere.
Ans: The different layers of atmosphere are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.
(e) Why is the earth called the ‘blue planet’?
Ans: The earth is called the blue planet because 97% of Earth surface is covered with water.
(f) Why is the Northern Hemisphere called the Land Hemisphere?
Ans: Northern hemisphere is also called the land hemisphere because majority of the land portion are found here.
(g) Why is the Biosphere important for living organisms?
Ans: The biosphere is the narrow channel where the lithosphere, Hydrosphere, And Atmosphere met with each other, which makes life possible on the earth. Every organism depends on each other for its survival. For example, plants use carbon dioxide and release oxygen whereas humans use oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
Q2. Tick the correct answers.
(a) The mountain range that separates Europe from Asia is
(i) The Andes (ii) the Himalayas (iii) the Urals
Ans: (iii) The Urals
(b) The continent of North America is linked to South America by
(i) An Isthmus (ii) a Strait (iii) a Canal
Ans: (i) an Isthmus
(c) The major constituent of atmosphere by per cent is
(i) Nitrogen (ii) Oxygen (iii) Carbon dioxide
Ans: (i) Nitrogen
(d) The domain of the earth consisting of solid rocks is
(i) The Atmosphere (ii) the Hydrosphere (iii) the Lithosphere
Ans: (iii) The Lithosphere
(e) Which is the largest continent?
(i) Africa (ii) Asia (iii) Australia
Ans: (ii) Asia
Q3. Fill in the blanks.
(a) The deepest point on the earth is Mariana trench in the Pacific Ocean.
(b) The Indian Ocean is named after a country.
(c) The biosphere is a narrow contact zone of land, water and air that supports life.
(d) The continents of Europe and Asia together are known as Eurasia.
(e) The highest mountain peak on the earth is Mount Everest.