NCERT Solutions for class 9 Biology Tissues

Intext questions and answers

Q1. What is a tissue?

Ans: Tissues are made of similar cells that are specialized in carrying out specific function.

Q2. What is the utility of tissues in multi-cellular organisms?

Ans: In multi-cellular organisms, similar tissues are combined to form organs that perform specific functions.

Q3. Name types of simple tissues.

Ans: Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma are three types of simple tissues.

Q4. Where is apical meristem found?

Ans: Apical meristem is found at the tip of stem and roots.

Q5. Which tissue makes up the husk of coconut?

Ans: Sclerenchymatous tissue makes up the husk of coconut.

Q6. What are the constituents of phloem?

Ans: Phloem constitutes sieve cells, sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibers and phloem parenchyma.

Q7. Name the tissue responsible for movement in our body.

Ans: Muscular tissue is responsible for movement in our body.

Q8. What does a neuron look like?

Ans: 

Q9. Give three features of cardiac muscles.

Ans: The three features of cardiac muscles are as follows:

1. It helps in the contraction and relaxation of heart muscle.
2. The cells of cardiac muscles are cylindrical, branched and uninucleate.
3. These are also called involuntary muscles because we cannot control its movement.

Q10. What are the functions of areolar tissue?

Ans: Areolar connective tissue fills the space inside the organs it supports internal organ and helps in the repair of tissues. Areolar tissue is generally found between skin and muscles. It is also found around the blood vessels, nerves, and in the bone marrow.

Exercises

Q1. Define the term “tissue”.

Ans: Tissues are made of similar cells that are specialized in carrying out specific function.

Q2. How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.

Ans: Xylem is a conductive tissue that helps in the transportation of water and mineral from the roots to the leaves of a plant. The different parts of xylem are as follows:

1. Tracheids and vessels: Tracheids and vessels are made of dead cells which have thick walls. These tubular structures transport water and mineral vertically from roots to other parts of the plant.  
2. Xylem parenchyma: It stores the food.
3. Xylem fibres: It provides support to the xylem.

Q3. How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?

Ans:

Simple tissues	Complex tissues
These tissues are made of one type of cells.	These tissues are made of more than one type of cells.
It performs different functions in different types of plants	It helps in transportation of food and water in plant
Example: Parenchyma and Collenchyma	Example: Xylem and Phloem

 

Q4. Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell wall.

Ans:

1. Parenchyma: It has thin wall. The cells in parenchyma are living
2. Collenchyma: It has thick wall.
3. Sclerenchyma: It has thick lignified walls.

Q5. What are the functions of the stomata?

Ans: The functions of stomata are as follows:

1. It helps in the exchange of gases.
2. It loses water in the form of water vapor, which is known as transpiration.

Q6. Diagrammatically show the difference between the three types of muscle fibres.

Ans:

Striated muscle: These muscles are attached to our bones that helps in the body movement. These muscles shows light and dark bands when observed under the microscope, hence they are called striated muscles. The cells of this tissue are long, cylindrical, unbranched, and multinucleate.

Unstriated muscle:  These muscles are also called involuntary muscle because we cannot control its movement. It is generally found in the alimentary canal and blood vessels. The cells of these muscles are pointed and uninucleated.

Cardiac muscle: Cardiac muscle is found in the heart which helps in contraction and relaxation. The cell of these tissues are cylindrical, branched and uninucleate.

Q7. What is the specific function of the cardiac muscle?

Ans: The function of cardiac muscle is to contract and relax. This muscle is generally found in the heart.

Q8. Differentiate between striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure and site/location in the body.

Ans:

Basis	Striated	Unstriated	Cardiac
Structure	The cells of this tissue are long, cylindrical, unbranched, and multinucleate.	The cells of these muscles are pointed and uninucleated.	The cell of these tissues are cylindrical, branched and uninucleate.
Location	Bones of hands, legs	Alimentary canal, blood vessels	Heart

 

Q9. Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.

Ans:

Q10. Name the following.

(a) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth.

Ans: Squamous tissue

(b) Tissue that connects muscle to bone in humans.

Ans: Tendons

(c) Tissue that transports food in plants.

Ans: Phloem

(d) Tissue that stores fat in our body.

Ans: Adipose tissue

(e) Connective tissue with a fluid matrix.

Ans: Blood

(f) Tissue present in the brain.

Ans: Nervous tissue

Q11. Identify the type of tissue in the following: skin, bark of tree, bone, lining of kidney tubule, vascular bundle.

Ans:

1. Skin: Squamous epithelium
2. Bark of tree: Cork
3. Bone: connective tissue
4. Lining of kidney tubule: Cuboidal epithelial tissue
5. Vascular bundle: xylem and phloem

Q12. Name the regions in which parenchyma tissue is present.

Ans: Parenchyma is found in the leaves, fruits, and flowers.

Q13. What is the role of epidermis in plants?

Ans: The role of epidermis in plants are as follows:

• The epidermis is the outermost layer of the cell. It is made of single layer of cells. Epidermis provides protection to all parts of the plant.
• The epidermal cells of plants grown in dry region are thick that prevent loss of water.
• The epidermal cells on the aerial parts of plant secrete wax that protects it against water loss, mechanical injury, and parasitic attacks.
• The epidermal cells found in roots help to absorb water and they have long hair that increases the total surface area of absorption.

Q14. How does the cork act as a protective tissue?

Ans: The Secondary Meristem which is located in the cortex forms a layer of cells, which is called the cork. The cells of the cork are dead and tightly packed that have no intercellular spaces between them.

However, it allows gases and water to pass through it. It also acts as a protective shield that protects the plant from wear and tear. It forms multiple layers of cork that protect the internal parts of the plant body.

Q15. Complete the following chart:

Ans:

 

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