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1. Answer the following questions.
(i) What is an ecosystem?
Ans: The interdependence and interaction of living organisms with each other and with the physical and chemical factors such as air and water is called the ecosystem.
(ii) What do you mean by natural environment?
Ans: The environment created by the nature is called natural environment, which includes air, water, land, soil etc.
The natural environment consists of four components:
(iii) Which are the major components of the environment?
Ans: The major components of environment are natural and human environment.
Example of natural environment: air, water and soil.
Example of human made environment: Roads, bridges and railway stations.
(iv) Give four examples of human made environment.
Ans: Four examples of human made environment are road, bridges, house and railway stations.
(v) What is lithosphere?
Ans: It is the solid topmost layer of the earth, which is made up of Rocks and Minerals and is covered by a thin layer of soil.
(vi) Which are the two major components of biotic environment?
Ans: Plants and animals are the two major components of biotic environment.
(vii) What is biosphere?
Ans: A place where lithosphere, Hydrosphere and Atmosphere met each other is called biosphere. Biosphere is essential for life.
2. Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which is not a natural ecosystem?
(a) Desert (b) Aquarium (c) Forest
Ans: (b) Aquarium
(ii) Which is not a component of human environment?
(a) Land (b) Religion (c) Community
Ans: (a) Land
(iii) Which is a human made environment?
(a) Mountain (b) Sea (c) Road
Ans: (c) Road
(iv) Which is a threat to environment?
(a) Growing plant (b) Growing population (c) Growing crops
Ans: (b) Growing population
3. Match the following.
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(i) Biosphere |
(a) blanket of air which surrounds the earth |
|
(ii) Atmosphere |
(b) domain of water |
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(iii) Hydrosphere |
(c) gravitational force of the earth |
|
(iv) Environment |
(d) our surroundings |
|
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(e) narrow zone where land water and air interact |
|
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(f) relation between the organisms and their surroundings |
Ans:
|
(i) Biosphere |
(a) narrow zone where land water and air interact |
|
(ii) Atmosphere |
(b) blanket of air which surrounds the earth |
|
(iii) Hydrosphere |
(c) domain of water |
|
(iv) Environment |
(d) our surroundings |
4. Give reasons.
(i) Man modifies his environment
Ans: The ever-growing demands of humans make a man to modify his environment so that they can fulfill it. Example: To build industries and road, man clears are forests.
(ii) Plants and animals depend on each other
Ans: Plants give oxygen and food to animals, and in turn, animals give carbon dioxide to plants. Hence, both are depended on each other.